英语西安导游词双语
Todaywewillvisitthecitywall,thebelltowerandthedrumtower.It'smypleasuretoserveyou.
TheancientcastlewenowseeistheMingxi'ancitywall,whichwasbuiltonthefoundationoftheimperialcityoftanganintheearlyMingdynasty.ItisoneofthemostfamouscitiesinthelatemiddleagesofChina,anditisthelargestandmostcompletedefensefacilityofancientmilitarycastlesintheworld.
Xi'an,astheancientcapitalofthemillennium,hasbuiltthewallmanytimesinthepast.Mostofthemareburiedbythedustofhistory.Thewallsweseenowgobacktothesuidynasty.In1369,theMingdynastymovedxudafromshanxitoshaanxi,andchangedtheoriginalfengtianroadtoxi'an,meaning"westernlastingpeaceandstability".Itwasthepreludetotheconstructionofthewallinxi'an.Theeight-year-oldwallshapeisarectangle.Thewallis15metershigh,12to14meterswide,16to18meterswideand13.9kilometersincircumference.Thebottomlayerismixedwithlimeandglutinousricejuice.Afterdrying,itisexceptionallystrong.
Theancientcitywallofxi'anincludesaseriesofmilitaryinstallationsincludingmoat,suspensionbridge,gatebuilding,archerybuilding,zhenglou,tower,enemybuilding,parapetandcrenel.Well,nowlet'sfeelthescientific,rigorousandcompletemilitarydefensesysteminperson.
Theperipheryofthewallisthemoat,alsoknownasthemoat,whichisthefirstlineofdefenseofthewall.Itcanblockanenemy'sattack,oreventakeadvantageoftheterraintodestroytheenemy.Themoataroundthecitywallofxi'anis20meterswide,andthegateiscrossedoverthemoat,andtheonlyaccesstothemoatandthegateisthedrawbridge.Atordinarytimes,thesoldiersinthecityofthecitylistenedtothecommanderofthemorningbell,loweredthedrawbridgeinthemorningandopenedthecitygates.Hoistthebridgeatnightandcutofftraffic.Onceawarhasoccurred,thedrawbridgerises,thegatesareclosed,andthegatesbecomefortifiedandenclosedfightingfortresses.
Thecitygateisthefocalpointofthecitydefensesystem,alsoistheweakspot.Atordinarytimes,itisapassagewaytoandfromthecity.Inwar,itisalsotheprimarygoalofdefendingthetwosides.Therefore,theMingdynastyattachedgreatimportancetoimprovingthecitygatedefensefacilities.Oneofthemostnotabletechnologicalbreakthroughsistheuseofthearchgatetopreventenemyfire.Mingxiancitygateisverysolid,doorleafwith16cmthickboards,afangate2.8cubicmeterswithwood,doorleafhorizontalturnupanddowntheironbarreinforcement,theintervalofeachtwobars,180ironneedlemushroomsnails.Thereare1,800ironmushroomneedlesonthedoor.Thiscompelsthewoodofthedoor,increasingtherigidityofthedoor,sothatthearrowcan'tbeshotin.
Inordertoimprovetheinsurancecoefficientofthecitygatedefense,thegateisactuallymadeupofthreeparts,namely,gatebuilding,archwayandmainbuilding.Thegatetoweristhemostoutside,itsfunctionistheliftsuspensionbridge.It'susedtomakemore.Theenemyenteredthegateofthegate,asifenteringtheurn,andwouldbeattackedfromallsides,sothisspacedownstairsisalsocalled"wengcheng".Thearcheryisinthemiddle,withWindowsonbothsides,forarchery.Thewallbetweenthearcheryandthearcheryisalsocalled"wengcity",whichcanbetunneled.Thebuildingisthemainbuildingofthecitygate,whichisthemainbuildingofthecity.Ontheoutsideofthewall,thereisanenemystandoutsidethemainbody,commonlyknownasthe"horseface",every120meters.Thereare98horsesonthewholewall,thebuildingonthehorse'sfaceiscalledtheenemybuilding,andthetwotowersare120metersapart,andtheothersideis60meters,whichis"astone'sthrowaway".Thislayoutmakesiteasytoshoottheenemyfromtheside.Therefore,theancientscommented,"thereisacitywithoutaplatform,andwithoutacity,itisacity,sotheguardisthere,andsoisthecity."Ontheoutsideofthewallthereareshortpheasants,alsoknownas"battlements",withcrenelandsquareholesforarcheryandlookout.Theinsidewall,calledtheparapet,isdesignedtopreventsoldiersfromfallingintothewallwhiletheywalk.Atthefourcornersofxi'ancity,thereisatowercalledthe"turret".Inthecityofweng,whichisformedinthearcheryandthebuilding,thereisahorseroadleadingtothehead,whichisconvenientforthehorseandthehorse.Duringthewar,thisisthekeypointforthemobilizationoftroops,andmustbekeptclear.Sotheguardsareextremelystrict.
Astheyearschange,nowwecanseechangleofxi'ancitywallgate,AnDingMen,rosefinchdoor,includingdoor,jadeauspiciousdoorlight,etc.,theoriginofthesenamesfromonesidealsoreflectstheancientcityofupsanddownsfailure.ThecitywallofMingxianshowsthewisdomandwisdomoftheancientworkingpeopleinChina.Well,thecitywallofxi'anishere,andwewillcontinuetotakeyoutothebelltower.
BelltoweranddrumtoweraretheuniquebuildingsofancientChinesecities.BellsanddrumsweretheearliestpercussioninstrumentsinChina,withahistoryofmorethan3,000years.Originallyasaritualinstrumentandmusicalinstrument.Sincethespringandautumnperiod,ithasbeenusedformilitarycommand.TheancientChinesecitieshadthenatureofmilitarycastles.Besidesthecitywalls,excavatingthemoatandsettingupthesuspensionbridge,theyalsobuiltthebelltowerinthecenterofthecityasthecommandcenter.Atordinarytimes,withthemorningclock,thetimeofthereport,thetimetoopenandclosethesuspensionbridge,theemergencyconditionisusedtoalertthepolice,commandthecitydefense.ThisrigorousurbandefensesystemreacheditspeakintheMingdynasty.Xi'anisamilitaryandpoliticaltowninthenorthwestoftheMingdynasty.Itsbelltoweranddrumtowerarethemostsimilarbuildingsinthecountry,regardlessofitssize,historicalvalueorartisticvalue.
Whatweseenowisthebelltower,thebuildingislocatedinxi'an,northandsouth,eastandwestfourstreetinterchange,itwasbuiltinMinghongwuseventeenyears,theoriginalislocatedintheweststreetmeetauspiciousview,withtheshiftinthecentreofthecity,intheMingwanlidecade,godwilltowertoawholedemolition,movedtoaddresstoday.
ThebelltoweristypicaloftheMingdynastyarchitecturalstyle,thebuildingis36metershigh,theheavyeavesandarch,magnificentandsolemn.Itconsistsofabase,abuildingandaroof.Thebaseissquare,allmadeofbluebricks.Thebuilding,asasquarewoodenstructure,issurroundedbyacloister,whichisatwo-storybuildingwithwoodenladderscirclingoverhead.Insideandbelowthebuildinginsidetwofloorssquarehall,displaytheMingdynastysincetheMingdynastyallkindsofpreciousporcelainandrednanmufurniture,allaroundthedoorisfullofreliefpainting,thestyleissimpleandvivid.Thetopofthebuildingisafour-cornerstructure,coveredwithagreenglazedtile,thetopofthedomeis5metershigh,glitteringandbrilliant.
OnthenorthwestcornerofthebelltowerisaMingdynastyironbell,weighing5tons.Itismuchsmallerthanthebronzebellthathungfromtheclocktower.Theclocktower,whichwasoriginallyhung,wasa"jingyunbell"castduringthetangdynasty.Nowtheclockisinxi'ansteleforest.Itissaidthat,althoughthestyleofthetowerhasnotchangedsinceitwasmovedtothepresentsite,thejingyunbellisnotgoingtosound.Thereisnoalternativebuttochange.Inordertomovethejingyunclocktothenewclocktower,aninclinedbridgewasbuiltonthewestsideoftheweststreet,andthejingyunclockwastransportedtothebelltowerusingtheramp.Itissaidthatthe"bridge"alsogotitsname.
Onthewestwalloftheclocktower,thereare"belltowersong"and"belltower"inscription."ZhongLouge"istheshaanxigovernorwhobuiltthebelltowerinthesameyear.Inthepoem,thebelltowerwaspraisedenthusiastically."Thebelltower"isthegovernorofthebelltower,detaileddescriptionoftheclocktower.Onthedoorofthebelltower,thereare64storiesofcarvedwoodenrelief,includingmagnoliafromthearmy,themoonandthemoon,thebookofliuyi,theseaofeight,andsoon.AfterthefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina,thepeople'sgovernmentofxi'anmadethreemajorrepairstotheclocktower,whichrestoredtheancientarchitecturetoitsformerglory.
Comparedwiththebelltower,itisthedrumtower.Theentranceofthebuildingissouthtonorth,northtonorthgateandsouthweststreet.ThedrumtowerwasbuiltinMinghongwufor13years,andthebelltoweristhesisterbuilding.Onthenorthsideofthedrumtower,thereisahugedrum,andthemorningbellonthebelltowerisknownasthedrumtower.Thebuildingisrectangular,withaheightandwidthof6metersandadepthof38meters.Thedrumtowerisaheavyeaves,glazedtileroof,heavyeavesandthreedropsofwater.Thebuildingisdividedintotwolayers.Undertheeavesofthenorthandsouth,therewasaplaque,whichwaswrittenbyemperorqianlongoftheqingdynasty:"wenwushengdi",whichwaswrittenbyliyunkuan,ascholarinxianningcounty.Theoutereavesofthedrumtoweraredecoratedwithdougong.Paintontheceilingpaintedcloudpatterns,antique,verybeautiful.Thebellanddrumtowermeet,makingtheancientcityofxi'anmorebeautifulandspectacular.Well,thisistheendofthebelltowertour.Thankyou!